Diabetes is a disorder of metabolism—the digestion system of our body for growth and energy. Almost every food we eat broken down to glucose, the form or sugar which is the fuel for our body.

Glucose passes into the bloodstream, after digestion, where it is used by cells for growth and energy. For glucose to get into cells, insulin must be present. Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas, a large gland behind the stomach.

Types of diabetes: The three main types of diabetes are :

Type 1 Diabetes ( insulin-dependent diabetes)

Type 1 diabetes, sometimes referred to as insulin dependent or juvenile on-set diabetes. As the name implies, the sufferer will need to take insulin once or several times a day to survive. Is is an autoimmune disease that actually turns against the body and instead of attacking cells that cause infection, it actually attacks the cells in the pancreas that are responsible for producing insulin, namely, the beta cells. Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease. An autoimmune disease results when the body’s system for fighting infection stops in a part of body.

The cause of type I diabetes is caused by pancreatic inability to produce insulin. It is responsible for 5-10% of cases of diabetes. The pancreatic Islet of Langerhans cells, which secrete the hormone, are destroyed by the body’s own immune system, probably because it mistakes them for a virus.

Type 2 diabetes

Type 2 diabetes is increasingly being diagnosed in children and adolescents. However, type 2 diabetes in youth are not in common.When type 2 diabetes is diagnosed, the pancreas is usually producing enough insulin, but for unknown reasons, the body cannot use the insulin effectively, a condition called insulin resistance. After several years, insulin production decreases.

Type 2 diabetes, often known as non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus or adult-onset diabetes. This is the most common form of diabetes, and is diagnosed in 90 to 95 percent of all diabetes sufferers, and mainly those in older age.

This diabetes is a result of body tissues becoming resistant to insulin. It accounts for 90-95% of cases. Often the pancreas is producing more than average amounts of insulin, but the cells of the body have become unresponsive to its effect due to the chronically high level of the hormone. Eventually the pancreas may exhaust its over-active secretion of the hormone, and insulin levels fall to below normal.

Type II diabetes should be preventable and manageable by dietary changes alone, but in practice many diabetics (and many obese people without diabetes) find it personally impossible to lose weight or adhere to a healthy diet. Therefore they are frequently treated with drugs which restore the body’s response to insulin, and in some cases injections of insulin.

Gestational Diabetes

Gestational diabetes develops only during pregnancy. Like type 2 diabetes, it occurs more often in African Americans, American Indians, Hispanic Americans, and among women with a family history of diabetes. Women who have had gestational diabetes have a 20 to 50 percent chance of developing type 2 diabetes within 5 to 10 years.

Gestational diabetes is caused by pregnancy-related hormones or low levels of insulin production. It is not uncommon for women to not present with any symptoms. Often women who are overweight and have a history of diabetes in their family. It also more frequently occurs in African, Hispanic, Latino and Native Americans. There is a close link between symptoms of gestational diabetes and those with type 2 diabetes.

Their blood sugar level will go back to normal after the baby was delivered. Women who acquired Gestational Diabetes during pregnancy should be monitored because it can sometimes lead to the development of Type 2 Diabetes with in a span of 5 to 10 years. Although this seems to be the lightest among the diabetes types, it should not be taken for granted.

Article You Maybe Interested In Reading : Diabetic Neuropathy or Diabetes Children

Diabetic Neuropathy is a common complication of Diabetes Mellitus. It usually includes micro vascular injury to the small blood vessels leading to your nerves. Diabetic Neuropathy is damage to nerves caused by the prolonged effect of high sugar levels in the blood.  It is believed that keeping blood sugar levels low or at least constant is the best way to manage diabetes and prevent further complications occurring.

This is a disorder of the peripheral nerves, which are the nerves in the outermost portions of the body (feet, hands, etc.). Recognizing the symptoms of diabetic neuropathy are of major importance because to miss them can have life altering or even threatening affects.

Diabetic neuropathy is caused by the walls of the blood vessels that supply the nerves becoming thicker. The end result of this is less nutrients are unable to get to the nerves as well as a demyelinization. This slows the ability of the nerves to conduct impulses back to the brain.

There are different classifications of diabetic neuropathy: peripheral neuropathy, autonomic neuropathy, proximal neuropathy and focal neuropathy. Each type affects specific parts of the body in different ways. Peripheral neuropathy causes deadness or pain to the outermost parts of the body: hands, feet, arms and legs. Autonomic neuropathy affects nerves associated with involuntary functions of the body, like heart beat and digestion. Proximal neuropathy causes pain in central parts of the body, in thighs, hips and buttocks, and may also weaken legs. The last type, focal neuropathy, could cause an abrupt dysfunction of a nerve or a cluster of nerves causing double vision, failure to focus, and other muscular weaknesses. It ought to be noted that any nerve in the body can be affected.

Diagnosis of diabetic neuropathy is essentially reliant on how well diabetes is handled. Good treatment could prevent the development of diabetic neuropathy, but once present, diabetic neuropathy has no cure. Pain caused by diabetic neuropathy is so brutal that a secondary diabetic symptom is often depression.

One of the greatest complications of diabetic neuropathy concerns morbidity and mortality in the diabetic. This neuropathy has a rate of 20% in traumatic and 50-75% non-traumatic amputations. The greatest risk for diabetes mellitus patients is glycemic control.

Diabetic neuropathy can affect any nerve or system of nerves in the body .

The four types are :

-Peripheral – that affects the extremities of the body, notably the feet

-Autonomic – that affects the autonomic nervous system that is responsible for the automatic processes that go on in the body

-Proximal – the areas affects are the hips, thighs and buttocks

-Focal – a focused group of nerves in any region of the body.

There are two forms of neuropathies that can form with diabetes; polynueropathies and mononeuropathies. Polynueropathies are the most common in those with diabetes and is a bilateral sensory disorder. The symptoms for this form of diabetic neuropathy are most common in the toes and feet and normally appear there first.

Mononeuropathies are isolated events that affect single nerves. The symptoms of this form of neuropathy are entirely dependent on which nerve is affected. They can affect the oculomotor nerve which can lead to headache, eye pains and an inability to move the eye in any direction.

All diabetics, whether type 1 or type 2, need to be aware of the symptoms of diabetic neuropathy. The sooner it is brought to the attention of the diabetics health care providers the sooner it can be managed through proper lifestyle choices that are centered on diet, exercise, and proper medical management.

Article You Maybe Interested In Reading : Juvenile Diabetes or Diabetes Type 2

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One of the most common diseases found in children and teens is diabetes. 90 to 95% of children with diabetes have type 1 diabetes.the other 5 to 10% have type 2. Most of the time when a child is diagnosed with diabetes it is assumed to be type 1 but in the last 20 years type 2 diabetes has been on the rise with children and teens.

Children with diabetes are becoming a major problem  in this country and around the world. This childhood epidemic is growing. More children are overweight. According to the American Diabetes Association over 80% of children and adolescents that are getting the diabetes disease are overweight.

If there is an epidemic and more children and adolescents are either pre diabetic or diabetic then we indeed have some serious issues that we will be facing. With one potential subject being that people will have diabetes for a longer period of time in their lives.

As an adult you can deliver the message to your children in a way that they can benefit from what you have found out about the diabetes disease. This disease is similar for adults as it is for children. If you eat healthy and exercise you can avoid the diabetes disease or reduce complications if you have the diabetes disease. If you have diabetes then eating smart an exercising is not an option. It is something you must do to get healthy.

Just like adults, children diagnosed with type 2 diabetes will need to closely monitor both their food intake and the amount of exercise that they complete each day. While not required to eliminate all their favorite foods, it is important to teach children concepts of portion control and healthy eating.

Most children have type 1 or juvenile diabetes that will require insulin on a regular basis to sustain proper body functions. There are growing numbers of children that are now being diagnoses with type 2 diabetes that has historically only been found in adult populations.

Remember that modeling healthy lifestyles will help your children learn. Exercise together as a family. Go for a bike ride, walk, or go to the park and have fun together. Small changes in lifestyles can lead to big changes in health conditions over time. Start small and work together as a family to reach your diet and exercise goals.

Insulin treatment is needed in most cases with childhood diabetes. Lower doses at first but as the child gets older more is needed eventually leading to continuous insulin pumps.

Blood glucose levels should be monitored closely in order to prevent hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia. Both the parent and the child should learn how to administer insulin injections so in case one of them is unable to administer the injection the other will be able to do it for them.

Both the parent and the child should also know how to monitor blood sugar, and friends,family, and teachers should know about the conditon. As far as diet is concerned the child should eat every 3 hours;3 large meals per day and the time in between small snacks.Good carbohydrates are vitally important.

To help prevent complications from this disease ask your doctor about diabetic vitamins and supplements. Also some lifestyle changes are needed such as a balanced diet and daily physical activity.

Article You Maybe Interested In Reading : Symptoms Of Diabetes or Diabetes Treatment

Diabetes is the most common chronic disease. Some of these children develop diabetes a few months after birth, while others develop it during early childhood. Some even develop it in their teen years. If your child has diabetes, you should know that they will live a full life, and function at full capacity, as long as they understand their disease.

If a child shows any of the common signs of diabetes, such as excessive hunger, frequent urination, excessive thirst, or fatigue, they should be tested. They should also be tested if they are overweight, or if there is a history of diabetes in the family.

They need to understand why eating right is important, and they must also be aware of problem signs to watch out for. You and your doctor can explain the problems and the disease to your child together.

Your child should be fully aware of the medications that they need, including insulin injections. They should learn how to administer their own injections as early as possible, and should be aware of which oral medications they take, when they are to be taken, and how much is to be taken.

Exercise is a must when it comes to diabetes. Children should exercise at least once day for 30minutes to an hour. Make sure they have juice or some other carbohydrate before physical activity and keep something with sugar in it around, because physical activity can lower the blood sugar.Parents can encourage their child to exercise by doing family activities like hiking, swimming, jogging, playing games, walking etc.

Children who have diabetes tend to actually live longer than people who get diabetes in later life. It is speculated that this is because they get into a routine of controlling their diabetes with regular injections and maintain a healthy lifestyle. Parents of children with diabetes should look out for the signs of low glucose levels and always have access to glucose or sweets. Additional regular checkups for kidney and eye problems should be scheduled as these are the 2 areas most affected by diabetes.

One of the mysteries of the medical world relates to children and diabetes. Until recently 85% of adults had type 2 diabetes but when researchers looked at the cases of diabetes in children they found that over 90% of children under 16 had type 1 diabetes.

Some facts about children and diabetes highlight the importance of understanding this disease and finding ways to manage and control it effectively:

* One in every 400-500 children in the world has diabetes.

* Approximately 150,000 children in the United States under the age of 18 have diabetes.

* Type 1 or juvenile diabetes occurs when the immune system begins to generate cells that destroy the pancreatic cells responsible for producing insulin in the body. If the child does not receive insulin every day the child will die.

* 13,000 children are diagnosed with type 1 diabetes every year. These children are at a greater risk for heart attack, stroke, kidney disease and immune complications throughout their lives.

* Type 2 or adult onset diagnosis is becoming more prevalent in children. This is a condition where the body is unable to utilize the insulin produced because it has built up a resistance to the insulin.

* Type 2 diabetes is more closely linked to obesity, especially if there is a history of diabetes in the family.

Diabetes in children is a serious threat. Take control of your child’s future today. Make sure they have a healthy diet including fresh fruits and vegetables. Keep your children active. They won’t be deprived if they don’t spend hours a day watching TV or playing computerized games. You could be saving their life.

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Diabetes is really one of those problems that is a lot worse than what most people think. They see people pricking their fingers to get some blood and they assume that’s as bad as it gets. This is a problem where your body has problem producing insulin or properly responding to insulin as a stimulus.

Juvenile diabetes is a chronic disorder caused by the body’s inability to manage sugar or glucose and store it properly to be used as fuel. When the body can’t efficiently break down glucose to be absorbed by the cells, it stays in the blood and causes health problems.

Juvenile diabetes, also known as insulin-dependent diabetes, is a disorder of the body’s immune system. Juvenile diabetes is diagnosed in children, teenagers and young adults. Type 1 diabetes and juvenile diabetes are the same. The term juvenile refers to the onset of the disorder which begins in childhood. Children who are diagnosed to have juvenile diabetes depend on insulin to equip their body with the necessary insulin levels to convert food into energy.

Around 10 to 15 % of children in America today are diabetic. This is not a death sentence and therefore parents need not panic. However, there is a need for more awareness, more concern and more caution to master the art of management of diabetes and prevent the complications from the same. Diabetes is primarily on account of glucose not being utilized by insulin.

The nutritional recommendations for juveniles with diabetes are much the same as the general population in this country. Children with diabetes need to eat a well balanced and healthy diet in order to keep their blood sugar levels in the normal range.

The common belief is that juvenile diabetes is caused due to an insult to the immune system. This can be either infectious or toxic, which in turn causes the autoimmune response to alter pancreatic protein, resulting in inadequate insulin production. Children diagnosed with diabetes will require insulin injections for survival.

The use of an insulin pump to control juvenile diabetes, may be a more convenient way of administering insulin providing more freedom throughout the day.

It is possible, to stay on top of juvenile diabetes and still do most things a typical teenager does. Having juvenile diabetes makes you part of a team. Your doctor, dietitian, and family are all part of this team. As with any team the decisions you make affect all members of the team.

A healthy and well-planned diet for those with juvenile diabetes is very important to properly manage the disorder.

Finding out that their child has diabetes can be quite shocking for many parents. One of the most challenging parts of any diabetics lifestyle change is learning how to prepare meals and snacks. This can be doubly hard for the parents of a diabetic child because following the dietary advice of the doctor and dietician can affect the entire household.

The best place to start is the American Diabetes Association where they will find the Diabetes Food Pyramid. This pyramid is much like the USDA food pyramid that everyone is familiar with with one difference. The USDA pyramid classifies food by the group they are in whereas the diabetic food pyramid groups foods based on their carbohydrate, protein, and fat content and breaks them down into the amount of servings for each. There are six groups that make up the diabetic pyramid and they include starches, proteins, fats, meats, fruits and vegetables.

The American Diabetes Association is a good place to start when it comes to learning about feeding a juvenile with diabetes. They have everything needed for healthy meal planning, exchange lists, weight control and recommended exercise programs.

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