Insulin Diabetes

Insuline is a naturally produced hormone that converts sugar and starch into energy. As a hormone insulin presence in the body is a proof that the cells are well fed and it helps the liver and muscles to store already processed glucose in the form of glycogen.

Insulin is the hormone (or chemical) in your body responsible for the break down of blood glucose (sugar) into energy. It is produced in a cell called beta cells which resides in the tissue called the islet of langerhans, found in the pancreas organ.

In addition to its role in metabolism, insulin controls the storage and release of fat, the cellular uptake of amino acids and electrolytes, and affects small vessel muscle tone. In fact, the concentration of insulin can affect the entire body. This is why diabetics can suffer a variety of side-effects, including blindness and slow healing of wounds.

Insulin plays a very important and active role and is highly required for both human and animal life. Its disturbance or deficiency is pathological while its deprivation due to removal could lead to death .

Type 1 diabetes require insulin injections in order to survive, while type 2 diabetes patients may need insulin if other medication and dietary changes are ineffective in controlling blood glucose levels.

Insulin as a hormone could be put to several use in the humans body. In the human cell insulin increases potassium uptake glucose and fatty acid sythesis. it decrases the degradation of protein (proteinolysis) and lipolysis ( conversion of fat cell lipids into blood fatty acid) It also decreases the production of glucose from non-sugar substrate (gluconeogenesis) and increases the ability of the adipose tissue to make fat (esterification).

Insulin modifies the activities of enzymes and controls the cellular intake of glucose and other minerals into the muscle and adipose tissues. Insulin also controls glycogen synthesis by influencing the storage of glucose in the liver and muscle cells in the form of glycogen. A fall in the level of insulin causes the liver cells to convert glycogen to glucose and passes it into the blood as an excreted material. This single action accounts for insulin been used medically to treat some forms of diabetes mellitus.

Insulin hormone cannot be taken orally as a pill because it is a protein that can easily be broken down. Once it is rapidly digested, it is no longer effective. Hence, insulin has to be injected into the fat beneath your skin so that it enters your blood slowly and remains there for a longer period of time.

Insulin can be easily destroyed by extremes of temperature so do not place the insulin bottle in the freezer or in sunlight. When more than one bottle of insulin is bought, it is advisable to store them in the refrigerator.

Your blood sugar levels will be affected by the area where you inject insulin. The best location to inject insulin is abdomen as insulin absorption is more rapidly from abdomen as compared to arms or thighs. However, do not inject in the same place each time. Instead, you should move around the same area.

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